New Year's Resolutions 5 of 5: Get Fit - Injuries at the Gym

     For Eckert & Smestad's fifth and final blog in our New Year's Resolution series, we focused on another very popular resolution: getting fit.  Many people have seen this phenomenon - beginning around January 1 or 2 every year, gym memberships increase drastically, gyms become more crowded, and personal trainers' schedules start booking up.  People who may have little or no experience with personal training and modern fitness equipment venture into the world of fitness, and unfortunately, this can result in severe health risks and injuries.  The way the law treats a person who is injured while exercising at a gym or with a personal trainer can be very different from the way the law treats a person who is injured in another situation.

     Typically, when a person is injured on someone else's property or due to another's negligence, the injured party may recover financial compensation from the property owner or negligent party for the injuries sustained and the effects the injury has had on his or her life.  According to the law in Illinois, one must first prove: 1. that the property owner or negligent party owed the claimant a duty of care, 2. the property owner or negligent party breached, or failed to satisfy, this duty of care, 3. the claimant suffered injuries, and 4. the property owner's/negligent party's breach of duty was the cause of the injuries suffered by the claimant.  These same basic legal principles apply to injuries suffered while at a gym or under the guidance of a personal trainer.  However, there are some very important differences to note.

     First, most gyms have some sort of disclaimer covering its members and customers for injuries they may sustain while at the gym or using personal trainers employed by the gym.  The case of Hussein v. LA Fitness (2013 IL App. 1st) (2013) upheld the applicability of disclaimers to avoid liability on the part of the gym for injuries sustained by its members.  In lay terms, this means that if you sign a gym's disclaimer, and are subsequently injured while at the same gym, the disclaimer is a valid defense the gym can use to avoid having to compensate you for your injuries.  There may be a way to overcome this defense, however, it will require significantly more culpable action, such as possibly willful and wanton, or even intentional conduct, on the part of the gym or its employees.  This is the same with the use of personal trainers.  It is advisable that one reads any disclaimers thoroughly before signing, so that one understands their rights.

     Second, in Illinois and many other states, property owners and negligent party's may assert a defense known as comparative negligence.  This defense alleges that the injured party's own negligence contributed to his/her injuries, at least in part, and any recovery obtained by the injured party should be reduced by the comparative amount of negligence attributed to the injured party.  For example, if you are injured while using a particular piece of gym equipment which you allege was defective, and you were recovered, say, $100,000.00 in financial compensation for these injuries at trial.  But if the gym owner can prove that you were using the equipment improperly, and that this improper usage was 25% of the cause of your injuries, the gym owner would only be required to pay you $75,000.00 ($100,000.00 minus 25%).

     There is also another important aspect of this defense to be aware of.  In this same example, say the gym owner can prove that this improper usage was 51% or more of the cause of your injuries, the gym owner will not be required to compensate you at all.  Again, this is the same with the use of personal trainers.  It is advisable that one knows how to properly use all gym equipment, perform all exercises, and acts with due care for one's own safety while at the gym or using a personal trainer.

*This is attorney advertising, and is not intended to be taken as legal advice, nor is it intended to create an attorney-client relationship. Any advice given in the preceding statement is given as general advice and is not intended to be relied upon as legal advice for any specific scenarios. For specific advice, or for answers to your questions, call Eckert & Smestad (312-789-4810) or call a qualified attorney licensed in your jurisdiction.

   

New Year's Resolutions 4 of 5: Quit Smoking - What to Know About Electronic Cigarettes

     For Part 4 of Eckert & Smestad's New Year's Resolution blog series, we focus on a very popular resolution: quitting smoking.  The health risks associated with smoking are clear, as are the addictive properties of cigarettes and nicotine.  There are literally thousands of different methods, services, and products available to help people kick the habit, and one such product that is causing some confusion among Illinois restaurateurs and business owners: electronic cigarettes or e-cigs. 

     E-cigs are products which can help ease smokers off of nicotine by delivering a small amount of nicotine through inhaled water vapor rather than tobacco smoke.  There are also claims that e-cigs are healthier than traditional cigarettes because it is only water vapor rather than smoke.  Because of these claims, many restaurant and bar owners were left in the dark as to whether e-cigs were covered under the Smoke-free Illinois Act (410 ILCS 82). 

     The Smoke-free Illinois Act, which became effective on January 1, 2008, banned smoking in virtually all public places in Illinois.  With the recent introduction of e-cigs in the marketplace, man Illinois business owners were left wondering whether the use of e-cigs were permitted in public places covered under the Act.  On January 15, 2014, Chicago's City Council provided some guidance.  The City Council passed an ordinance which treated these electronic cigarettes in the same way as traditional cigarettes with regard to the City's Clean Indoor Air Ordinance - meaning that both traditional and electronic cigarettes are banned from use in most public places in Chicago.  For Chicago restaurant and other business owners, the answer is simple: if you allow your customers or employees to use e-cigs in your establishment, you will risk fines and other consequences under the Clean Indoor Air Ordinance. 

     There has yet to be any clear statewide legislation from Springfield on the topic.  For Illinois restaurant and business owners outside of Chicago, this means you should check with your local city council or a licensed attorney familiar with these laws in your area if you have any questions relating to the use of e-cigs in your establishment.  There will likely be clear guidelines on this issue coming either from Springfield, the Illinois court-system, or local governments soon, but until then, it may be smartest to avoid potential problems all together and ask that customers and patrons go outside to smoke, regardless of whether they are using traditional or electronic cigarettes. 

*This is attorney advertising, and is not intended to be taken as legal advice, nor is it intended to create an attorney-client relationship. Any advice given in the preceding statement is given as general advice and is not intended to be relied upon as legal advice for any specific scenarios. For specific advice, or for answers to your questions, call Eckert & Smestad (312-789-4810) or call a qualified attorney licensed in your jurisdiction.

New Year's Resolutions 3 of 5: Get A Better Job - The Realities of Job-Hunting and Social Media Posting

     For Part 3 of Eckert & Smestad's 5 Part New Year's Resolutions blog, we will explore the realities of job hunting and its relations to personal social media postings.  A common fear that is discussed among people searching for jobs is the fear that posting inappropriate pictures or comments on Facebook, Twitter, blogs, etc. can cost them their job, or a job opportunity.  There have been many instances in which employees have been fired, or prospective employees have been rejected for job opportunities, because of comments or photos posted on social media (see here, here, here, and here).  However, a recent development in Illinois law may give employees and job seekers some relief.  Note, "some" relief, does not mean complete freedom to post anything with no consequences.

   On January 1, 2013, an amendment, commonly known as the "Facebook Bill," to the Illinois Right to Privacy in the Workplace Act went into effect.  This amendment effectively makes it illegal for any employer or prospective employer to request or require passwords or account information for social media from employees or prospective employees in order to gain access to such social media accounts as conditions of employment.  The "Facebook Bill" also prohibits employers and prospective employers from demanding access to its employees' or prospective employees' social media accounts or profiles as conditions of employment.

 
     The amendment states that it is "unlawful for an employer to refuse to hire or to discharge any individual, or otherwise disadvantage any individual, with respect to compensation, terms, or conditions or privileges of employment because the individual uses lawful products off the premises of the employer during nonworking hours." (Right to Privacy in the Workplace Act, 820 ILCS 55/5).  This Act applies to all employers in the State of Illinois.  The law does nothing to prevent or limit an employers' right to set policies regarding the use of social media in the workplace, nor does it prevent an employer from seeking public information regarding an employee or prospective employee.

     This Law can give employees and job hunters some relief, however, it is worth noting that the normal rules of social interaction and business will always apply.  It is still advisable to remember that anything posted on social media should always be considered public and available to the entire world.  Therefore, if you are considering posting a picture or a comment on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, or any other social media, you may want to take a second and think about whether it is something you want out there.

*This is attorney advertising, and is not intended to be taken as legal advice, nor is it intended to create an attorney-client relationship. Any advice given in the preceding statement is given as general advice and is not intended to be relied upon as legal advice for any specific scenarios. For specific advice, or for answers to your questions, call Eckert & Smestad (312-789-4810) or call a qualified attorney licensed in your jurisdiction.